Childhood trauma is far more common than many realise. The statistics on child abuse in England and Wales reveal a stark reality—one that demands urgent attention.

• 1 in 5 adults (aged 18-74) report experiencing at least one form of childhood abuse before turning 17—that’s 8.5 million people carrying the impact of early trauma into adulthood.

• In the UK, Childline delivered nearly 20,000 counselling sessions to vulnerable children, highlighting the ongoing need for support and intervention.

• 117,617 offences of physical abuse on children recorded by the police of England and Wales in the year ending 03/2019. 

These numbers tell a bleak but crucial story: childhood trauma is not rare, and its effects can last a lifetime. Raising awareness is the first step toward better prevention, intervention, and support for those affected.

Many children suffer from post-traumatic stress, but the signs are often misunderstood or misinterpreted as common illnesses, "acting out," or even as naughtiness and angst. However, it is crucial that educators and caregivers recognise and acknowledge that traumatic stress affects both mental and physical health.

Children experiencing trauma may appear withdrawn, passive, aggressive, or anxious, particularly when separating from caregivers. They may also exhibit physical symptoms such as fatigue, headaches, stomachaches, or sleep difficulties. Another nuanced behavioural sign is difficulty with concentration and learning, which can significantly impact their education and development.

Trauma-informed care occurs when caregivers and educators are aware of these signs and take immediate, proactive steps to provide support, ensuring that children receive the understanding and interventions they need to heal and thrive.

The causes for childhood trauma vary, layered and interconnected. They often derive from complicated socio-economic situations. However, there are at least 8 main causes that commonly identified as the culprits to traumatic stress in children and young adults: 

1. Neglect 

2. Abuse 

3. Exposure to violence 

4. Natural disasters and accidents 

5. Mental and Physical Illness 

6. Relational, Attachment and Interpersonal 

7. Bereavement and Traumatic Grief 

8. Hostile Situations